Qibla direction in Baghdad

How to face the Qibla in Baghdad

Stand where you will pray and find north first. Then turn towards south and move a further 19.9° towards west: the result is the bearing of 199.9°. A small error of a few degrees is forgiven by most scholars, but aiming simply at south would leave you about 20° off.

Facing the Qibla is a condition of the prayer. Whoever prays inside the Sacred Mosque faces the Kaaba itself; whoever is far away, as in Baghdad, faces its direction and makes a sincere effort to be accurate. Any of the mosques of Baghdad is a handy reference, because the prayer rows were aligned when it was built. Once you know the direction at home, a discreet mark on the wall saves you from checking again.

Why a flat map shows a different direction

On a flat (Mercator) map, the straight line from Baghdad to Mecca points to 198.8°, only 1.1° away from the true Qibla. Here the two methods practically agree, so a map gives a usable first idea, although the 199.9° bearing remains the exact one.

How is the figure of 199.9° obtained? From the coordinates of Baghdad (33.3406° N, 44.4009° E) and of the Kaaba (21.4225° N, 39.8262° E), spherical trigonometry gives the starting bearing of the great circle joining them. Mosque architects and astronomical Qibla tables rely on exactly the same calculation.

Distance from Baghdad to Mecca and Medina

Mecca is 1,400 km from Baghdad as the crow flies, and Medina, the city of the Prophet ﷺ, is 1,091 km away. The distance is short enough that many pilgrims from Baghdad travel to the Hijaz by road.

Clocks in Baghdad run the same time as Mecca all year. Prayer times, however, depend on the sun at your own location, so always use the prayer times of Baghdad rather than those of Mecca.

Finding the Qibla with the sun in Baghdad

On 365 days of 2027, the sun passes exactly through the Qibla direction of Baghdad while it is well above the horizon. At that moment, facing the sun means facing Mecca. The effect is most frequent in January (31 days); for example, on 1 January 2027 it happens at 13:20 local time.

The sun is never opposite the Qibla of Baghdad during daylight, so the shadow method does not apply here; the left-hand column is the one to use.

Twice a year the sun passes directly over the Kaaba, on 28 May 2027 and 16 July 2027. Both moments are in daylight in Baghdad: at 12:18 and 12:27 local time, face the sun and you face the Qibla exactly, anywhere in the city.

Baghdad compared with other cities

The nearest city with its own Qibla page, Abu Ghraib (20 km), prays towards 199.1°, a difference of 0.8°.

Across the 40 cities in Iraq on this site, the Qibla ranges from 190.9° in Duhok to 224.3° in Al Fāw, a spread of 33.4°. That is too large to use one national direction, so each city has its own bearing.

See all cities on the Qibla page for Iraq.

Qibla in cities near Baghdad

• Abu Ghraib199.1° · 20 km
• Al Maḩmūdīyah200.2° · 31 km
• Baqubah200.1° · 50 km
• Fallujah197.4° · 57 km
• Al-Musayab200.3° · 63 km
• Al Miqdādīyah201.1° · 87 km