Qibla · Penang
Qibla direction in Bukit Mertajam
To face the Kaaba in Bukit Mertajam, turn to 291.6° measured clockwise from true north, which is west (21.6° north of west). The Sacred Mosque in Mecca lies 6,756 km away along the shortest path over the globe, and this is the direction the mihrabs of the mosques in Bukit Mertajam should follow.
Line up the top of your phone or compass with the green needle: it marks 291.6°, the Qibla of Bukit Mertajam. Phone compasses usually display true north, so a reading of 292° is all you need; a needle compass reads magnetic north and needs the local declination added or subtracted first.
Find the Qibla with your phone
How to face the Qibla in Bukit Mertajam
Stand where you will pray and find north first. Then turn towards west and move a further 21.6° towards north: the result is the bearing of 291.6°. A small error of a few degrees is forgiven by most scholars, but aiming simply at west would leave you about 22° off.
Facing the Qibla is a condition of the prayer. Whoever prays inside the Sacred Mosque faces the Kaaba itself; whoever is far away, as in Bukit Mertajam, faces its direction and makes a sincere effort to be accurate. Any of the mosques of Bukit Mertajam is a handy reference, because the prayer rows were aligned when it was built. Once you know the direction at home, a discreet mark on the wall saves you from checking again.
Why a flat map shows a different direction
A straight line drawn on a flat (Mercator) map from Bukit Mertajam to Mecca points to 285.3° (west), 6.3° away from the correct 291.6°. That map line is a rhumb line: it keeps the same compass heading all the way, but it is 20 km longer than the true shortest route. The Qibla follows the great circle, the shortest path on the curved Earth, which is why the bearing differs.
How is the figure of 291.6° obtained? From the coordinates of Bukit Mertajam (5.3630° N, 100.4667° E) and of the Kaaba (21.4225° N, 39.8262° E), spherical trigonometry gives the starting bearing of the great circle joining them. Mosque architects and astronomical Qibla tables rely on exactly the same calculation.
Distance from Bukit Mertajam to Mecca and Medina
Mecca is 6,756 km from Bukit Mertajam as the crow flies, and Medina, the city of the Prophet ﷺ, is 6,818 km away. A direct flight would take roughly 8 h 27 min, although most pilgrims from Bukit Mertajam connect through Jeddah or Medina airport.
Clocks in Bukit Mertajam run 5 hours ahead of Mecca all year. Prayer times, however, depend on the sun at your own location, so always use the prayer times of Bukit Mertajam rather than those of Mecca.
Finding the Qibla with the sun in Bukit Mertajam
On 120 days of 2027, the sun passes exactly through the Qibla direction of Bukit Mertajam while it is well above the horizon. At that moment, facing the sun means facing Mecca. The effect is most frequent in May (31 days); for example, on 15 April 2027 it happens at 14:04 local time.
On 157 days the sun stands exactly opposite the Qibla: then the shadow of any vertical object, a pole, a door frame or a plumb line, points straight towards Mecca. This is most frequent in March (31 days), for instance on 1 February 2027 at 09:21.
| Date | Sun in the Qibla direction (face the sun) | Sun opposite (shadows point to the Qibla) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 January 2027 | — | — |
| 15 January 2027 | — | — |
| 1 February 2027 | — | 09:21 |
| 15 February 2027 | — | 10:24 |
| 1 March 2027 | — | 11:20 |
| 15 March 2027 | — | 12:12 |
| 1 April 2027 | — | 13:13 |
| 15 April 2027 | 14:04 | — |
| 1 May 2027 | 15:07 | — |
| 15 May 2027 | 16:08 | — |
| 1 June 2027 | 17:54 | — |
| 15 June 2027 | — | — |
| 1 July 2027 | — | — |
| 15 July 2027 | 17:31 | — |
| 1 August 2027 | 16:03 | — |
| 15 August 2027 | 15:01 | — |
| 1 September 2027 | 13:49 | — |
| 15 September 2027 | — | 12:51 |
| 1 October 2027 | — | 11:45 |
| 15 October 2027 | — | 10:46 |
| 1 November 2027 | — | 09:34 |
| 15 November 2027 | — | 08:32 |
| 1 December 2027 | — | — |
| 15 December 2027 | — | — |
Twice a year the sun passes directly over the Kaaba, on 28 May 2027 and 16 July 2027. Both moments are in daylight in Bukit Mertajam: at 17:18 and 17:27 local time, face the sun and you face the Qibla exactly, anywhere in the city.
Bukit Mertajam compared with other cities
Compared with Kuala Lumpur, 282 km away, the Qibla in Bukit Mertajam is turned 1.0° further anticlockwise (291.6° against 292.5°), and Mecca is 218 km closer. The nearest city with its own Qibla page, Paya Terubong (21 km), prays towards 291.6°, the same bearing to the tenth of a degree.
Across the 40 cities in Malaysia on this site, the Qibla ranges from 290.6° in Kota Kinabalu to 293.0° in Iskandar Puteri, a spread of 2.4°. The difference is small, yet each city should still use its own bearing.
See all cities on the Qibla page for Malaysia.
Qibla in cities near Bukit Mertajam
- Paya Terubong291.6° · 21 km
- Kota Kuala Muda291.5° · 27 km
- Taiping291.8° · 64 km
- Alor Star291.2° · 85 km
- Ipoh291.9° · 110 km
- Sitiawan292.1° · 130 km
Qibla in Bukit Mertajam: questions and answers
What is the Qibla direction in Bukit Mertajam?
It is 291.6° from true north, which is west: 21.6° north of west.
How far is Bukit Mertajam from Mecca?
6,756 km in a straight line over the globe, and 6,818 km to Medina.
When does the sun show the Qibla in Bukit Mertajam?
On 120 days of 2027 the sun stands in the Qibla direction; the table on this page gives the exact time for the 1st and 15th of each month.
Why is the Qibla in Bukit Mertajam not the direction shown on a map?
Flat maps distort directions. The line on a map points to 285.3°, but the shortest route on the globe leaves Bukit Mertajam at 291.6°, and that is the Qibla.
Does the Qibla change during the year?
No. The direction of 291.6° is fixed; only the times when the sun lines up with it change from day to day.