Qibla direction in Parma

How to face the Qibla in Parma

Stand where you will pray and find north first. Then turn towards east and move a further 34.2° towards south: the result is the bearing of 124.2°. Because the angle sits far from the cardinal points, a rough guess such as “east” would be off by more than 30°, which is why a measured bearing matters in Parma.

Scholars agree that someone who can see the Kaaba must face it exactly, while someone far away faces its direction (jihat al-Ka‘bah) as precisely as reasonably possible. If a mosque is nearby, its mihrab and prayer lines are the easiest reference, since they were set when the building was laid out. At home, mark the direction once with tape or a small arrow so the whole family prays the same way.

Why a flat map shows a different direction

A straight line drawn on a flat (Mercator) map from Parma to Mecca points to 133.8° (south-east), 9.6° away from the correct 124.2°. That map line is a rhumb line: it keeps the same compass heading all the way, but it is 13 km longer than the true shortest route. The Qibla follows the great circle, the shortest path on the curved Earth, which is why the bearing differs.

The angle on this page is the initial bearing of the great circle from 44.7994° N, 10.3262° E to the Kaaba (21.4225° N, 39.8262° E). It is the method used by mosque architects and by every serious Qibla calculator, and it gives one exact answer for each point on Earth.

Distance from Parma to Mecca and Medina

Mecca is 3,744 km from Parma as the crow flies, and Medina, the city of the Prophet ﷺ, is 3,472 km away. A direct flight would take roughly 4 h 54 min, although most pilgrims from Parma connect through Jeddah or Medina airport.

Clocks in Parma run 2 hours behind Mecca in winter and 1 hour behind Mecca in summer, because of daylight saving time. Prayer times, however, depend on the sun at your own location, so always use the prayer times of Parma rather than those of Mecca.

Finding the Qibla with the sun in Parma

On 313 days of 2027, the sun passes exactly through the Qibla direction of Parma while it is well above the horizon. At that moment, facing the sun means facing Mecca. The effect is most frequent in March (31 days); for example, on 1 February 2027 it happens at 08:36 local time.

The sun is never opposite the Qibla of Parma during daylight, so the shadow method does not apply here; the left-hand column is the one to use.

Twice a year the sun passes directly over the Kaaba, on 28 May 2027 and 16 July 2027. Both moments are in daylight in Parma: at 11:18 and 11:27 local time, face the sun and you face the Qibla exactly, anywhere in the city.

Parma compared with other cities

Compared with Rome, 368 km away, the Qibla in Parma is turned 0.9° further clockwise (124.2° against 123.3°), and Mecca is 327 km farther away. The nearest city with its own Qibla page, Reggio Emilia (27 km), prays towards 124.5°, a difference of 0.3°.

Across the 42 cities in Italy on this site, the Qibla ranges from 115.2° in Cagliari to 130.0° in Trieste, a spread of 14.8°. That is too large to use one national direction, so each city has its own bearing.

See all cities on the Qibla page for Italy.

Qibla in cities near Parma

• Reggio Emilia124.5° · 27 km
• Modena124.8° · 50 km
• Piacenza123.7° · 57 km
• Brescia125.0° · 82 km
• Bologna125.2° · 87 km
• Verona125.9° · 88 km